You could easily spend a hundred lifetimes answering this question. Departments and graduate programs at thousands of universities (including BC) are devoted to helping people learn how different arts & artists have grappled with it. If you’re interested in the psychology/neuroscience perspective, this book might get you started: Deeper than reason: emotion and its role in literature, music, and art, by J. Robinson. (O’Neill Library BF698.9 .C74 R63 2005) A search in the PsycInfo database with the subject terms “emotions” and “music” yields 1,768 relevant articles. There are whole scholarly journals devoted to this subject just in Psychology, such as The Psychology of Music and Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. Many other disciplines (art history, history, philosophy, anthropology, sociology) have also brought their perspectives to it as well. Enjoy your hunt for answers!