McKim, Charles Follen (1847-1909)
McKim, Charles Follen, 1847-1909
Born in Pennsylvania, McKim studied architecture at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He returned to the United States in 1872, and worked in the office of H. H. Richardson in New York. In 1877 he joined up with William Rutherford Mead, then two years later with Stanford White to found the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White. They became the leading architectural practice in the United States, a position they held for many decades. The principals worked together to design Classical and Renaissance-influenced buildings. The firm designed a number of notable buildings, including the Boston Public Library (1887–95), the Rhode Island State House in Providence, Madison Square Garden (1891), the Morgan Library (1903), Pennsylvania Station (1904–10), and the Agricultural Building at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago (1893). A notable early medieval church design is Saint Paul's Episcopal Church, Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 1883-84. The Judson Memorial Church, New York (1888-93) is a masterful example of the American Renaissance. McKim also took on special projects, such as the restoration of the White House and the revival in 1901 of Pierre l’Enfant’s 1791 plan for Washington, D.C. Personally convinced that aspiring young American architects needed a basis in the European tradition, he was instrumental in founding the American Academy in Rome that he supervised from 1894. The American Institute of Architects awarded him its gold medal in 1909. He was elected an Associate of the American Institute of Architects in 1875, a Fellow in 1877, and its president 1902–03.
Boston College University Libraries
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Mead, William Rutherford (1846-1928)
Mead, William Rutherford, 1846-1928
Born in Brattleboro, Vermont in August 1846, Mead went to Norwich University and graduated from Amherst College in 1867. He began studying architecture in New York and then spent some time in Florence, Italy. Upon returning to New York, he struck up a professional partnership with Charles F. McKim. Two years later, in 1879, they were joined by Stanford White and named the firm McKim, Mead & White. Together they comprised the leading architectural practice in the United States. Even after the death of the other two principals, Mead continued to head the firm, which worked on many prestigious projects. In 1913 Mead became the first architect to be awarded the gold medal from the Academy of Arts and Letters. Among many other honors, he became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, and president of the New York Chapter between 1907-08. King Victor Emmanuel made him a Knight Commander of the Crown of Italy in 1922 for his contribution to the introduction of Roman and Italian Renaissance architectural styles to America. A notable early medieval design by their firm is Saint Paul's Episcopal Church, Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 1883-84. Judson Memorial Church on Washington Square in New York (1888-93) is a masterful example of the American Renaissance.
Boston College University Libraries
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Upjohn, Richard (1802-1878)
Upjohn, Richard, 1802-1878
Renowned for church architecture, Upjohn was influential in the spread of Gothic Revival in America. Born in Shaftesbury, in Dorset, England, he initially trained as a cabinet-maker. In 1829 he came to the U.S. and settled in Boston where he started to work as an architect under Alexander Parris. By 1834 he was able to start his own firm, making his name by designing Gothic churches, the most notable of which is the brownstone Gothic Revival Trinity Church in New York (completed 1846). In 1852, he published a book of his designs, Upjohn's Rural Architecture. Other works include St. John’s Church in Bangor, Maine (1837–39), City Hall, Utica, New York (1852–53), St Luke’s Episcopal Church, Ascension, Brooklyn (1867–71), St. Mary’s, Burlington, New Jersey (1846–54), Bowdoin College Chapel, Brunswick, Maine (1844–55), and Trinity Chapel, New York (1853). Upjohn’s Church of the Ascension, New York (1840-41) had its interior remodeled by Stanford White in 1885-89, which brought a monumental mural by John La Farge in 1888. Upjohn was instrumental in setting up the American Institute of Architects and was its first president.
Boston College University Libraries
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White, Stanford (1853-1906)
White, Stanford, 1853-1906
Born in New York City, White learned architecture under H. H. Richardson, later moving to Paris where he lived with the family of the sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens. In 1872 he joined the office of Gambrill and Richardson in Boston and worked on the design for Trinity Church, Boston. In 1879, along with two old architecture friends, he formed the influential practice of McKim, Mead & White. He was usually responsible for the interiors of their designs with the ornamentation and decoration. He was a man of enormous creative energy with truly eclectic tastes. In New York his two surviving works—the Washington Square Arch and the Century Club—both display marvelous Renaissance ornamentation. He designed the old Madison Square Garden in 1889 for which he commissioned a statue of a nude Diana for the cupola that scandalized New York. In the tower itself he built an opulent private apartment and roof garden that became notorious for his extra-curricular goings-on. He was finally shot and killed there by the jealous husband of his lover, Evelyn Nesbit Thaw. His religious architecture includes the early medieval design of Saint Paul's Episcopal Church, Stockbridge, Massachusetts (1883-84) and the Renaissance revival Judson Memorial Church in Washington Square in New York City (1888-1893), and the colonial revival Congregational Church in Naugatuck, CT (1901-03).
Boston College University Libraries
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Church of the Ascension
New York; Upjohn, Richard, 1802-1878
12 West 11th Street,
New York, New York 10016
<p><a href="http://ascensionnyc.org/" target="_blank">http://ascensionnyc.org/</a></p>
Upjohn, Richard (architect)
Boston College University Libraries
1841-00-00
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NY_003
40.734084, -73.995743
New York, New York
Judson Memorial Church
New York; McKim, Charles Follen, 1847-1909; Mead, William Rutherford, 1846-1928; White, Stanford, 1853-1906
55 Washington Square South,
New York, New York 10012
<p><a href="http://www.judson.org/" target="_blank">http://www.judson.org/</a></p>
McKim, Charles Follen (architect); Mead, William Rutherford (architect); White, Stanford (architect)
Boston College University Libraries
begin: 1888-00-00; end: 1893-00-00
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NY_007
40.730249, -73.998325
New York, New York